Philip ii completed the unification of macedonia into a single state in 359. Jul 22, 2015 philip ii of macedon certainly beats henry viii with his number of wives, but he did benefit from the times by marrying several at the same time. The ongoing debate about whether alexander the great was greek or macedonian stems from the fact that the geographical borders of the two countries have changed dramatically since alexander the greats time. What would have happened if philip ii of macedon wasnt. He became the head of an empire that was expanded by his son and successor, alexander the great. Philip ii of macedonia 382336 bce, unifier of greece, author of greeces first federal constitution, founder of the first territorial state with a centralized administrative structure in europe, forger of the first western national army, first great general of the greek imperial age, strategic and tactical genius, and military reformer who revolutionized warfare in greece and the west. Philip ii of macedonia was a greek king of the ancient greek kingdom of macedonia in northern greece and the father of alexander the. He introduced and fielded macedonian phalanx army corps, notable for their use of extremely long spea. Timetoasts free timeline maker lets you create timelines online. Although he is often only remembered for being the father of alexander the great, philip ii of macedon reigned 359 bce 336 bce was an accomplished king and military commander in his own right, setting the stage for his sons victory over darius iii and the conquest of persia. Demosthenes is also given as would be rightly expected in such a. Timeline macedonian history at a glance chronology of key events compiled by risto stefov.
Nov 19, 2019 how did philip ii of macedon compare to his son alexander the great as a military commander. These are the sources and citations used to research philip ii of macedon fakebook. This book is a study in depth of the rise to power of macedonia under the astute leadership of philip ii, whose diplomatic adroitness and military skill paved the way for the career of his son and heir, alexander the great. Philip ii of macedonia became king when he was 23 years old in very dire situations in 359 b. This monumental tomb was erected at the ancient macedonian ceremonial capital of. Philip of macedon philip ii of macedon biography 359 336 bc king of macedonia and conqueror of illyria, thrace, and greece macedonia is an ancient kingdom located in southeastern europe, north of greece, west of thrace, and east of illyria. Philip had married audata, greatgranddaughter of the illyrian king of dardania, bardyllis. Philip ii of macedon simple english wikipedia, the free. Macedonia time line chronological timetable of events. This clash between the greek citystates alliance of athen and thebes against the basileus of macedon forever changed the history of the ancient world. Timeline macedonian history at a glance pollitecon publications.
Ian worthington has added a much appreciated update to the still all too slim bibliography on philip ii, founder of the macedonian empire and father of alexander the great. This volume is exceedingly well researched and written, far surpassing r. Thanks to a lame leg, king philip iis body identified in. Greek becomes a commonly used language among educated people in asia and other lands. Beginning with macedonia pre philip and how he laid the foundation and paved the way for alexanders being great. Recognising the perilous situation, philip would embark on one of the most. Alexander the great timeline ancient history encyclopedia. During his childhood he saw the macedonian kingdom disintegrating while his elder brothers alexander ii and perdiccas iii, fought. Philip of macedon philip ii of macedon biography 359 336 bc king of macedonia and conqueror of illyria, thrace, and greece.
The city states of greece agreed to terms set down by philip ii of macedon. King philip ii of macedonia conquers greece after wars between citystates weaken the country. This is a timeline of all of the major events in the history of the world since 338 bce in the alexander empire timeline. With a reformed army containing phalanxes wielding the sarissa pike, philip ii defeated the old powers of athens and thebes in the battle of chaeronea in 338 bc. Timeline alexander empire alternative history fandom. This bibliography was generated on cite this for me on monday, november 7, 2016.
We are a nonprofit organization and we would rather spend the money on our mission to engage people with cultural heritage and to improve history education worldwide. Philip ii 03 from hostage in thebes to king of macedonia duration. It discusses the social and military reforms of philip ii of macedon who took macedonia from the brink of collapse to domination of all of macedonia and most of the greek city states. Sep 23, 1559 the escorial, an enormous palace built on a grid plan for philip ii, was begun in madrid. This is a great question and one that i always tell my s. Philip ii of macedonia, author of greeces first federal constitution, founder of the first territorial state. He carried out a series of important reforms, which helped strengthen macedonia politically, economically, and militarily. He was the father of the emperor alexander the great, who was born in 356 bc.
I would call it more of historical treatise dealing with the rise of the macedonia empire rather than a biography of either of the architects of this great empire. Philip, however, totally defeated the atheniantheban alliance at chaeronea in 338 with the decisive aid of a precisely timed cavalry charge led by his eighteenyearold son, alexander. Philip ii of macedonia 382336 bc, king of macedonia 359336 bc, son of amyntas ii and eurydice was born in pella, the capital of ancient macedonia. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. It details the rise of philip ii and his son alexander the great. Philip ii and the rise of macedonia few kings and their sons could boast of making their kingdoms the most influential in the ancient world. What were the accomplishments of philip ii of macedonia. Philip ii 359336 bc philip ii an enlightened leader according to the platonian model, sets the base in aigai for the tradition that will seal the image of the royal cities of the hellenistic era and will culminate in alexandria, with the foundation of the legendary library and the.
Philip ii, byname philip of macedon, born 382 bcedied 336, aegae now vergina, greece, 18th king of macedonia 359336 bce, who restored internal peace to his country and by 339 had gained domination over all of greece by military and diplomatic means, thus laying the foundations for its expansion under his son alexander iii the great. Gold stater of philip ii macedonian late classical. The famous king and father of alexander the great, was born in 38382 bc. It was the beginning of a process that culminated with the emergence of democracy, a form of government in which all citizens participated. History of macedonia philip ii of macedon wikipedia. Philip had to act quickly to gain control so he needed to create an army 4. What were the achievements of philip ii of macedon. Ar tetradrachm, philip ii 359336 bc, king of macedonia. Though philip occupied thebes, he spared athens on condition that the city ally with macedon. Alexander the great, son of king phillip ii, expands his fathers empire and brings greek culture to the lands he conquers. Philip ii of macedon fakebook history bibliographies. Check out this biography to know about his childhood, family life, achievements, and fun facts about his life.
Macedon and the achievements of philip ii the greeks. Philip ii of macedon was a king who ruled the ancient greek kingdom of macedon from 359 to 336 b. Philip ii of macedon article about philip ii of macedon by. The battle of chaeronea was fought in 338 bc, near the city of chaeronea in boeotia, between the macedonians led by philip ii of macedon and an alliance of some of the greek citystates led by athens and thebes.
By the way, i am really enjoying an excellent book about philip ii. Having lived for three years as a hostage in thebes, philip understood greek affairs. Use features like bookmarks, note taking and highlighting while reading philip ii of macedonia. When philip ii of macedonia agreed to conquer the persian empire, philip ii was assassinated information. He would either bring a citystate into his hegemony with his military or he would talkbribe the leaders into joining his empire.
This timeline shows important evnts that happened to philip of macedon during his lifetime 383 bc it was the birth of philip ii of macedon. Philip of macedon unifies greece video khan academy. The exact dates are unknown, and even some his wives names are debated. Thanks to a lame leg, king philip iis body identified in ancient tomb this bone could be the left leg of king philip ii of macedon, who was left lame after his leg was punctured with a lance. You are advised to submit without delay, for if i bring my army on your land, i will destroy. Jun 17, 2016 philip ii and the rise of macedonia few kings and their sons could boast of making their kingdoms the most influential in the ancient world. He would either bring a citystate into his hegemony with his military or.
Philip ii assassinated, alexander iii takes the throne. King philip ii of macedon summons aristotle to tutor his young son alexander later the great. During the reign of the argead king philip ii 359336 bc, macedonia subdued mainland greece and the thracian odrysian kingdom through conquest and diplomacy. During his childhood he saw the macedonian kingdom disintegrating while his elder brothers alexander ii and perdiccas iii, fought unsuccessfully against insubordination of their regional vassal princes, continuous attacks by the northern. Battle of chaeronea philip ii of macedons decisive.
Philip of macedon attribution help wanted coin talk. Please consider upgrading your browser software or enabling style sheets css if you are able to do so. P hilip ii of macedonia 382336 bc, king of macedonia 359336 bc, son of amyntas ii and eurydice was born in pella, the capital of ancient macedonia. He was the father of alexander the great and philip iii. Dec 24, 2012 philip ii rise to power king amytas iii was a macedonian ruler who controlled macedon in 393 b. The league of corinth is created by philip ii of macedon. Greece considers the dynasties of phillip ii and alexander the great to be part of greek history and has for decades contested the use of a greek name by the republic of macedonia. He was son of the king amyntas iii and queen eurydice.
Philips reign was principally marked by an unsuccessful struggle with the emerging power of the roman republic. The daughter of neoptolemus, king of epirus, olympias apparently was originally named. He turned macedonia a region on the northern part of the greek peninsula into a. The name macedonia is the oldest surviving name of a country on the continent of europe. Make educational timelines or create a timeline for your company website.
He was a member of the argead dynasty of macedonian kings, the third son of king amyntas iii of macedon, and father of alexander the great and philip iii. Philip defeated by onomarchus of phocis at the battle of the krokus fields in thessaly, withdrew to macedonia. Olympias, queen consort of macedonia s geni profile. Philip ii reigned over macedonia from 359 to 336 b. Ancient macedonia was situated in the northern modern greek peninsula, where the secondlargest greek city, thessaloniki, is today. Olympias, queen consort of macedonia geni family tree. I always knew he was a brilliant man, but the book sheds light on an amazing amount of innovations that were the firsts for western europe to employ. The first thing phillip ii of macedon was known for was being able to build a powerful military that enabled him to take firm control of macedon. This was an achievement for philip ii and his son alexander the great of macedonia. His father was king philip the ii of macedonia and. He is often remembered as father of alexander the great who became his successor after his assassination in 336 b.
The kingdom of macedonia lies on the brink of destruction its army defeated and people in despair. Philip ii of macedon was a greek king of macedon from 359 bc until his assassination in 336 bc. The growth of the population and the performance keys of the earth brought about a period of crisis and popular revolts against the aristoi. After having examined the recently identified skeletal remains of philip, complete with damage to the right eye socket, found in the royal tomb ii at vergina, an archery expert concluded that the wound must have been made by a heavy cretan arrowhead since the smaller scythian type is unlikely to have caused so much damage to the bone. Olympias, wife of philip ii of macedonia and mother of alexander the great. Alan fildes, articles, philip of macedon, the scars of battle. Alexander the great continued his fathers dream of conquering the persian empire. Philip of macedonia defeats the greek allied forces of athens, thebes and corinth in the battle of chaironeia. From a series of ancient literary and historical sources, a number of. Philip ii of macedon biography facts, childhood, family. Following the victory of philip s entry in the olympics in 356 bc, the youthful horsemanjockey was periodically replaced with the reverse of philip himself as exhibited on this example. Macedonia is located in the center of the southern balkans, north of ancient hellas greece, east of illyria, and west of thrace. King amytas iii reign was relatively calm and he bore three sons. Student webpages on ancient greece timeline for upper elementary students.
Going through time spent in thebes as hostage and learning from epaminondas. However, this did not prevent him from marching against them in 358 and crushing them in a ferocious battle in which some 7,000 illyrians died 357. Lifetime tet of philip iiking of macedon coin talk. Philip ii, alexander the great, and the rise and fall of the macedonian empire by ian. C, greece kings and rulers biography, macedonia kings and rulers biography publisher athens. The seven wives of philip ii of macedon history of royal women. Philip ii, byname philip of macedon, born 382 bce died 336, aegae now vergina, greece, 18th king of macedonia 359336 bce, who restored internal peace to his country and by 339 had gained domination over all of greece by military and diplomatic means, thus laying the foundations for its expansion under his son alexander iii the great. Alexander became king of macedonia after his the passing of his father, king philip ii. Within this essay, the information of alexander will come from three different sources,and be compared to find the similarities in the history of alexander amongst them.
To navigate the timeline, click and drag it with your mouse, or click on the timeline overview on the bottom. The greatest victory of philip ii of macedonia, the battle of chaeronea, solidified macedonian rule in greece. The battle was the culmination of philip s final campaigns in 339338 bc and resulted in a decisive victory for the macedonians philip had brought peace to a wartorn greece in 346 bc. Philip ii of macedon was the king basileus of the kingdom of macedon from 359 bc until his assassination in 336 bc. Philip ii and alexander the great flashcards quizlet. Philips victories aroused in many the old hope of a unified greece. Philip ii of greece amazing bible timeline with world history.
A timeline created with timetoasts interactive timeline maker. Philip began another siege in 339 of the city of byzantium. Philip lived from 382336 bc, and during that time he married seven times. How did philip ii of macedon compare to his son alexander the. King philip saw himself as greek and wanted revenge for the persian wars over a century prior to his birth. The battle of charonea gives athens to the macedonian. I came across this excerpt that was put up as a joke in an issue of the readers digest after invading greece, philip ii of macedon sent a threatening message to the spartans. Olympias, the forth wife of philip ii of macedonia, gave birth to alexander the great. They were named alexander ii, perdiccas iii and philip ii and when he died of old. His parents were amyntas iii of macedon and eurydice i of macedon 357 bc 356 bc after defeating the thracian dynasts berisades and cetriporos, philip ii. Philip ii of spain and henry ii of france signed the peace of cateaucambresis, ending a long series of wars between the hapsburg and valois dynasties. Alexander the great of alexander essay 988 words bartleby.
We are a participant in the amazon services llc associates program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for us to. Treaty was made with philip ii and his descendents in perpetuity. The aim of this report is to present the ophthalmic wound of king philip ii of macedonia, father of alexander the great. Please help us cover our server costs for this year. He was born in pella, the capital of the ancient macedonian kingdom, as the youngest son of king amyntas iii. Jul 31, 2014 although he is often only remembered for being the father of alexander the great, philip ii of macedon reigned 359 bce 336 bce was an accomplished king and military commander in his own right, setting. Bc 400bc300bc king bardhylus united illyria, molossia epirus and part of macedonia 359bc heraclea established 359bc336bc philip ii ruled macedonia 358bc illyrians defeated by philip ii of macedonia 336bc alexander inherited the throne of macedonia and all of greece 333bc hittite islands and the village known as ancyra conquered by macedonians led by alexander the great. Philip ii of macedon timeline ancient history encyclopedia. There were threats from barbarians north of macedonia, and threats from the greek southern cities 4.
She had a passionate and imperious nature, and she played important roles in the power struggles that followed the deaths of both rulers. King of macedonia and conqueror of illyria, thrace, and greece. Greater than alexander kindle edition by gabriel, richard a download it once and read it on your kindle device, pc, phones or tablets. A new king has ascended the throne, keen to revert his kingdoms fortunes.